little red riding hood uncloaked by catherine orenstein

On the following pages, it is my aim to discuss how Red Riding Hood’s dress and her interaction with the wolf in different adaptations of the tale represent changes in society and mirror shifting attitudes towards female sexuality, during the last three hundred years. It created a helpless girl who was dependent on goodwill from other people to save herself – even though, in her case, help from outside came too late. Popular culture changed the simple and witty peasant girl, who brought her grandmother milk and bread, who did not give up, but took action and tricked the wolf, into a naive and passive heroine without neither character nor wit. In that process, the young girl who did so well in old French folk tradition vanished. Female Victorian writers adopted and continued the manipulation of gender roles that had been initiated by educated middle-class narrators in France and Germany. Despite the fact that many narrators were women, modern fairy tale tradition had been totally bourgeoisified by the turn of the century. Until the beginning of the 20th century, that seems to have been the common attitude amongst fairy tale writers towards young girls. If she had only listened to her mother’s advice, gone straight to her grandmother’s house and had not talked to the wolf, nothing would have happened to her. Since Charles Perrault first published the tale of Little Red Riding Hood in 1697, her tragedy normally has been considered her own fault. Generations of writers never hesitated to blame the girl for her misfortune. Red Riding Hood was sent into the forest to be gobbled up or raped by the wicked wolf over and over again. In hundreds of adaptations, writers of children’s literature repeatedly let the young girl pay for her irresponsibility and her reckless talking to strangers. During the last three centuries, generations of male narrators and moralistic Victorian authors of both sexes have changed the once straightforward and clever peasant girl, who was capable of taking care of herself and outsmarting a seducing wolf by her own wit, into a passive heroine controlled by others to suit the traditional (male) view of how “nice girls” ought to behave. Little Red Riding Hood has never enjoyed an easy life. It is Not so Easy to Fool Little Girls Nowadays Nice Girls go to Heaven other Girls go Everywhereġ9th-century Victorian and Puritan Adaptations

The Brothers Grimm and the Biedermeier Era

Charles Perrault, Werewolves and the Fear of Female Sexuality

Little red riding hood uncloaked by catherine orenstein